This review provides a comprehensive overview of FBG sensor technology, focusing on their operating principles, key advantages such as high sensitivity and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and common challenges like temperature-strain cross-sensitivity and the high cost of. This review provides a comprehensive overview of FBG sensor technology, focusing on their operating principles, key advantages such as high sensitivity and immunity to electromagnetic interference, and common challenges like temperature-strain cross-sensitivity and the high cost of. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have emerged as advanced tools for monitoring a wide range of physical parameters in various fields, including structural health, aerospace, biochemical, and environmental applications. This review provides a comprehensive overview of FBG sensor technology. Following are the drawbacks or disadvantages of a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG) Sensor: It is thermally sensitive. It is difficult to demodulate wavelength shift. Advantages of FBG Sensing Technology FBG sensors stand out for several reasons: Immunity to Electromagnetic Interference: Unlike traditional strain gauges and thermocouples, FBGs are unaffected by electromagnetic fields, making them ideal for high-voltage or high-frequency environments. They are easy to install, immune to electromagnetic interferences and can also be used in highly explosive atmospheres. The present review paper provides an in-depth analysis of FBG.