This comprehensive article delves into the key aspects of relay protection in HV/MV substations, including calculations, settings, coordination, selection, and validation, which are all critical to achieving high levels of system reliability and safety. Relay Protection. Generator protection covers: phase-to-phase short circuits in stator windings, stator ground faults, inter-turn short circuits in stator windings, external short circuits, symmetrical overload, stator overvoltage, single- and double-point grounding in the excitation circuit, and loss of excitation. Power System Protective Relays: Principles & Practices Protective Relays - Technical Seminar Nov 2016 - Copyright: IEEE 1 Power System Protective Relays: Principles & Practices Presenter: Rasheek Rifaat, P. Eng, IEEE Life Fellow IEEE/IAS/I&CPSD Protection & Coordination WG Chair Jacobs Canada. Apply advanced protection and monitoring with flexible communications to two-, three-, and four-terminal transformers. In HV (High Voltage) and MV (Medium Voltage) substations, relay protection safeguards critical assets such as transformers, circuit breakers, and lines. This chapter considers the combination of relays required to protect various items of power system equipment, plus a brief reference to the diagrams that are part of substation design.